This is a departure from Norway's response at the time, which emphasised unity and consensus. We have not stopped the hate. Right-wing extremism is still alive," said Astrid Hoem, leader of the Labour Party youth organisation AUF, and a survivor of the Utoeya attack, at the memorial event.
But he does not define who we are - we do," Hoem said. After ten years, it was time to clearly reject racism and hate once and for all, Hoem said. At a service in the Oslo Cathedral, Jens Stoltenberg - who was the Labour Party prime minister at the time of the murders and is now NATO Secretary-General - pointed to recent incidents of far right violence, including continued death threats against the attacks' survivors.
A memorial to teenage hate crime victim Benjamin Hermansen was also vandalised earlier this week with the slogan "Breivik was right".
The visitors centre is divided in different rooms: a room of remembrance displaying pictures of the victims, a prologue room where video footage of Breivik parking the van next to the building is shown, the 22 July room with a timeline of the events and in the middle the melted remains of the van used to carry the explosive device, a video room which shows testimonies of the witnesses and a room focusing on the aftermath.
All across the centre, the damaged structures of the building are visible and have been integrated into the design. The texts used have been drawn from the verdict of the Oslo District Court in August In July , the end-result was unveiled in front of the bomb site. It contains a glass wall with the names and the age of the victims, with below it a floor of broken glass, symbolising the glass found in the area after the explosion.
While on a national level the debates were ongoing about a national memorial, similar discussions were held by the survivors, families, and leadership of the AUF. In the years after the attack, survivors, relatives and the AUF leadership have put tremendous effort in trying to answer questions about the future of the island. For instance, should the buildings where Breivik shot people, such as the main cafeteria, be demolished or kept for families to visit? Directly after the attack the AUF decided not to change or do anything with the island for the next four years in order to take sufficient time to reflect on these topics.
After years of sensitive and delicate talks with dozens of family members of those killed, the AUF decided to return to the island in for the annual Summer camp. New buildings, such as the visitors centre, were erected to facilitate meetings of educational groups and tell the stories about the island and its important place in Norwegian democracy.
Once you enter, you can still see the windows of the cafeteria from which many youngsters jumped in order to escape from the shooting. A memorial was made on one of the more distant places on this very small island where no people were killed, representing a more neutral place for families to mourn their loved ones. After we had visited the buildings and the memorial, one of the survivors held a talk reflecting on how he and others had dealt with the aftermath of the attack.
He tried to raise awareness for his view that Norway had failed to address and fight the political views behind July Shockingly, he told us that many survivors have been threatened by right-wing extremists in Norway.
Police arrested Breivik when they reached Utoya an hour and a half after he commenced his murderous rampage. Breivik admitted to the killings while he was being held in police custody. Hours before the attacks, Breivik e-mailed a 1,page manifesto to 5, people, titled - A European Declaration of Independence.
In the document, Breivik attacks multiculturalism and the "threat" of Muslim immigration to Norway, as well as Marxism and the Norwegian Labor Party. Breivik copied large sections of the Unabomber manifesto. Breivik writes that he is a "savior of Christianity," and claims to be part of an order called the "Knight's Templar. Breivik was arrested and taken into custody, as police searched for survivors in the aftermath of the attacks.
Though he admitted to the attacks, he pleaded not guilty in a closed-door hearing on July Breivik has said that he belongs to an organization with terror cells that remain at large. On August 24, , a Norwegian court sentenced Breivik to 21 years in prison, the maximum sentence allowed in Norway. Although he can be released after his sentence of 21 years under Norwegian law, he will likely have his sentence extended for the rest of his life due to the severity of his crimes and his statement that he would have liked to kill more people during his trial.
Under Norwegian law, if a person is considered a threat to the public then they will not be released back into society. August 19, - The families of the victims visit Utoya island. August 19, - A judge rules that Breivik should be held in solitary confinement for another four weeks.
September 19, - A judge rules that Breivik will remain in solitary confinement for another four weeks. November 14, - More than people attend Breivik's first court hearing, which is open to the public. Breivik is not allowed to deliver a speech he prepared, and the judge orders him held in custody for another 12 weeks.
November 29, - Police announce that Breivik is insane , stating that psychiatrists have found him paranoid and schizophrenic. They say that he suffers from "grandiose delusions. January 13, - Judge Wenche Elizabeth Arntzen announces that the court wants a second opinion from psychiatrists concerning Breivik's sanity.
February 10, - A Norwegian court orders Breivik undergo psychiatric monitoring as experts seek to determine his mental state ahead of a trial. March 7, - Breivik is formally charged with committing acts of terror and voluntary homicide. April 10, - Two psychiatric experts release their findings, which the judge uses to deem Breivik sane at the time of the crimes.
0コメント