In other words, CBD could limit the feeling of sore muscles, whereas THC could help to both prevent and trigger the discomfort. Some studies suggest that THC can also help to manage pain 5 , which might also boost recovery, she says. Meanwhile, a survey, the results of which are unpublished, conducted on social media by Humboldt State University in Arcata, California, which targeted people who use cannabis with exercise, had roughly an equal number of male and female participants.
Olympic snowboarder Ross Rebagliati tested positive for the cannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol in Led by Whitney Ogle, a physical therapist and cannabis researcher at Humboldt, the survey of people uncovered cannabis use before all sorts of physical activity — 55 activities in total, ranging from archery to waterskiing.
Aside from sheer enjoyment, people in the Humboldt survey reported numerous other benefits of combining cannabis with exercise. They thought that cannabis increased their focus, concentration and mind—body awareness — something that elite athletes have also reported 6 , although scientists have yet to come up with possible mechanisms for these effects.
Soon, researchers could have access to populations with a wider range of activity levels. Eleven US states and the District of Columbia have approved recreational marijuana use, and 33 states allow medical marijuana. Although survey data are valuable for designing experiments, they will not provide the evidence that researchers such as Bryan crave.
Only three small studies made the cut 7. Conducted between and in people under the age of 35, two of the studies in the review 7 had participants exercise before and after smoking cannabis.
The third study was purely observational. In areas such as workout times, heart rate and blood pressure, the studies mostly recorded either no difference from the control groups, or negative effects.
The sole positive finding, from a study with 24 participants, was an increase in forced exhalation, or the amount of air participants could exhale after taking a deep breath. Despite the lack of evidence that cannabis enhances performance, the concern led the World Anti-Doping Agency WADA to ban cannabis use during competitions when it assumed responsibility for the list of prohibited substances in As well as having potential to enhance performance, it poses health risks to athletes, and is illegal in many parts of the world.
For example, goalkeepers in football say that cannabis increases their focus, helping them drown out the many distractions in the stadium. Athletes in other sports, such as skateboarding and skiing, say that cannabis reduces competition anxiety that can hinder performance. Cannabis might not enhance performance at all doses and in all situations, he says, but its use could be advantageous in some circumstances.
More from Nature Outlooks. In , before WADA officially took on its anti-doping duties, Canadian snowboarder Ross Rebagliati was stripped of his Olympic gold medal after officials detected In , WADA raised the level of cannabis allowed in urine samples from 15 nanograms per millilitre to nanograms per millilitre.
Federal policy requires that scientists submit to an application process that can take six months to one year. On approval, researchers are only allowed to use government-provided cannabis with levels of THC that are often lower than those of cannabis available to the public.
Researchers are coming up with creative ways to get around these rules. With these kinds of creative approach, Bryan says, scientists could start investigating the effects of cannabis on specific aspects of exercise such as inflammation.
This article is part of Nature Outlook: Cannabis , an editorially independent supplement produced with the financial support of third parties. About this content. Le Strat, Y. PubMed Article Google Scholar. York Williams, S. Public Health 7 , 1 The science is still, well, hazy—but some research is starting to give us an idea of what exactly weed does to the human body. For instance: Toking up regularly could dull your emotional response and cause addiction, according to a marijuana study from the University of Michigan Health System.
Researchers analyzed people in their early 20s 69 men and 39 women , all of whom were taking part in a larger study of substance use. In the study, participants sat in an MRI while they played a game, in which they pressed a button when they saw a target on a computer screen cross in front of them.
Scientists assessed the moment of anticipation a. D , said in a press release. There's still a lot of discussion about the medical use of marijuana, though. THC and other cannabinoid pills are only available in some states and require a doctor's prescription. At the moment, there's not enough research to say for sure if smoking marijuana is any more helpful than taking THC or other cannabinoids as a pill.
Scientists are still studying this. People who use marijuana for a while can have withdrawal symptoms when they try to give it up. They may feel irritable, anxious, or depressed; have trouble sleeping; or not feel like eating.
Marijuana withdrawal can be a bit like caffeine withdrawal: It's usually worse a day or two after someone stops using marijuana. After that, withdrawal symptoms gradually decrease. They're usually gone a week or two after the person no longer uses the drug. Marijuana can be addictive. About 1 in 10 people who use the drug regularly can develop a "marijuana use disorder.
This is much more likely to happen in people who start using marijuana before age If you or someone you know wants to stop using marijuana but has trouble quitting, it can help to talk to a counselor. Studies suggest that a combination of individual counseling and group therapy sessions is the best approach for stopping marijuana use. Reviewed by: Steven Dowshen, MD.
Larger text size Large text size Regular text size. What Is Marijuana? This can cause unwanted side effects, including: trouble thinking and problem solving problems with memory and learning loss of coordination distorted perception These side effects are temporary, but they can make it dangerous to do things like drive while under the influence of marijuana.
People also might notice other short-term side effects of using marijuana, such as: an increased appetite feeling lightheaded or drowsy a decrease in inhibitions Long-Term Effects Research has found that people who use marijuana over a long period of time can have more lasting side effects.
For example: Changes in the brain. Medical Use of Marijuana The U.
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